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Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by Call Number: BF76.7 .P83 2020 Ready ReferenceISBN: 9781433832154Publication Date: 2019Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style.
How to Cite Using APA Style
Developed by the American Psychological Association (APA), the APA style is widely used in the social science, management, humanities, and natural sciences.
6th Edition vs. 7th Edition
The most common APA versions used are the 6th and 7th editions. They have distinct differences, so make sure you confirm which version your professor requires.
APA 6 & 7 Comparison Tables by Walden University.
In-text Citation
The in-text component of APA citation includes two main elements: the author's last name and the year of the publication (Ross, 1997), and a third: the page number, whenever quoting directly or paraphrasing a specific section of the text (Ross, 1997, p. 2). For more than one author, list the names in the order they appear in the source (it may not be in alphabetical order).
Reference List
The list of references on your paper's last page is titled "References" and should be arranged in alphabetical order by first authors' last names.
| Type of Entry | Sample |
|---|---|
| Book (physical) | AuthorLastName, Initials. (YYYY). Title of book. Publisher. |
| Rogers, C. R. (1961). On becoming a person. Houghton Mifflin. | |
| Book (electronic) | AuthorLastName, initials. (YYYY). Title of book. Publisher. URL |
| Jackson, L. M. (2019). The psychology of prejudice: From attitudes to social action (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000168-000 | |
| Journal (physical) | AuthorLastName, A. B., AuthorLastName, C. D., & AuthorLastName, E. F. (YYYY). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number, page numbers. |
| Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 207–217. | |
| Journal (electronic) | AuthorLastName, A. B., AuthorLastName, C. D., & AuthorLastName, E. F. (YYYY). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number, page numbers. doi URL |
| David, M. E., & Roberts, J. A. (2023). Me, myself, and I: Self-centeredness, FOMO, and social media use. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000382 | |
| Website | AuthorLastName, Initials. (Year, Month Date). Title of page. Site name. URL |
| Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist. Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01 |
If date is unknown use: (n.d.)
- APA Basic TutorialA free tutorial for those who are new to APA style created by the American Psychological Association.
- Purdue OWL | APA StyleLearn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. This site contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.